APP接口自动化测试JAVA+TestNG(三)之HTTP接口测试实例

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发布时间：2019-06-19

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转载自：http://www.cnblogs.com/findyou/p/5388853.html

说明，本文为学习参考，将于一段时间后删除。

前言

前两篇普及相关基础知识后，本篇主要对举例对国家气象局接口自动化测试进行讲解(Get请求及结果断言)，以达到自动化测试入门目的，除了前两篇的一些了解外，需要有一定的JAVA知识（HTTP相关）。

以下实例均为本次总结再次编写，,如转载还请保留出处与作者姓名，谢谢！

3.1.1 待测接口说明

1.国家气象局天气预报接口

例：北京市天气

接口的址：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html

请求方式：GET

请求结果：

{

    "weatherinfo": {

        "city": "北京",

        "cityid": "101010100",

        "temp1": "15℃",

        "temp2": "5℃",

        "weather": "多云",

        "img1": "d1.gif",

        "img2": "n1.gif",

        "ptime": "08:00"

    }

}

2.测试目标

请求对应cityid代码，返回的城市是否是预期城市。

3.1.2 新建JAVA工程

步骤同上一篇，不再复述，如不懂请百度Eclipse新建工程

1.工程结构说明

2.Common.java源码

package findyou.Interface;

import org.codehaus.jettison.json.JSONException;

import org.codehaus.jettison.json.JSONObject;

public class Common {

    /**

     * 解析Json内容

     *

     * @author Findyou

     * @version 1.0 2015/3/23

     * @return JsonValue 返回JsonString中JsonId对应的Value

     **/

    public static String getJsonValue(String JsonString, String JsonId) {

        String JsonValue = "";

        if (JsonString == null || JsonString.trim().length() < 1) {

            return null;

        }

        try {

            JSONObject obj1 = new JSONObject(JsonString);

            JsonValue = (String) obj1.getString(JsonId);

        } catch (JSONException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return JsonValue;

    }

}

3.getCityWeathe.java源码

package findyou.Interface;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

public class getCityWeather {

    private String url="";



    public String geturl() {

        return url;

    }

    public String getHttpRespone(String cityCode) throws IOException {

        String line = "";

        String httpResults = "";

        url=("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/"

                + cityCode + ".html");

        try {

            HttpURLConnection connection = URLConnection

                    .getConnection(url);

            DataOutputStream out = null;

            // 建立实际的连接

            connection.connect();

            out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());

            out.flush();

            out.close();

            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(

                    connection.getInputStream()));

            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

                httpResults = httpResults + line.toString();

            }

            reader.close();

            // 断开连接

            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return httpResults;

    }

}

4.URLConnection.java源码

package findyou.Interface;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

public class URLConnection {

    public static HttpURLConnection getConnection(String url){

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;

        try {

            // 打开和URL之间的连接

            URL postUrl = new URL(url);

            connection = (HttpURLConnection) postUrl.openConnection();

             // 设置通用的请求属性

            connection.setDoOutput(true);

            connection.setDoInput(true);

            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

            connection.setUseCaches(false);

            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");

            connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");

            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return connection;

    }

}

3.1.3 编写测试用例

1.测试用例(常见"二"一般的写法)

package findyou.testcase;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import findyou.Interface.Common;

import findyou.Interface.getCityWeather;

public class test {

    public String httpResult= null, weatherinfo= null, city=null,exp_city = null;

    public static String cityCode="";

    public static getCityWeather weather=new getCityWeather();

    @Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

    public void getShenZhen_Succ() throws IOException{

        exp_city="深圳";

        cityCode="101280601";

        Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city+"天气成功!");

        httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode);

        Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

        Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

        weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

        city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

        Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city + " ,actual: "+ city);

        Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city);

    }



    @Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

    public void getBeiJing_Succ() throws IOException{

        exp_city="北京";

        cityCode="101010100";

        Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city+"天气成功!");

        httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode);

        Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

        Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

        weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

        city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

        Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city + " ,actual: "+ city);

        Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city);

    }



    @Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

    public void getShangHai_Succ() throws IOException{

        exp_city="上海";

        cityCode="101020100";

        Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city+"天气成功!");

        httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode);

        Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

        Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

        weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

        city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

        Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city + " ,actual: "+ city);

        Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city);

    }

}

2.简化后的用例

如何返回值格式与请求格式固定，用例优化如下

package findyou.testcase;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import findyou.Interface.Common;

import findyou.Interface.getCityWeather;

public class test {

    public String httpResult= null, weatherinfo= null, city=null,exp_city = null;

    public static String cityCode="";

    getCityWeather weather=new getCityWeather();



    @Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

    public void getShenZhen_Succ() throws IOException{

        exp_city="深圳";

        cityCode="101280601";

        resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

    }



    @Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

    public void getBeiJing_Succ() throws IOException{

        exp_city="北京";

        cityCode="101010100";

        resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

    }



    @Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

    public void getShangHai_Succ() throws IOException{

        exp_city="上海";

        cityCode="101020100";

        resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

    }



    public void resultCheck(String cityCode_str, String exp_city_str) throws IOException{

        Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city_str+"天气成功!");

        httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode_str);

        Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

        Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

        weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

        city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

        Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city_str + " ,actual: "+ city);

        Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city_str);

    }

}



工程下载地址：密码：11ft

3.1.4 执行测试用例

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